When should rescue breathing be performed?

Rescue breathing should be performed when an individual is unresponsive and not breathing because this condition indicates that the person is likely experiencing respiratory arrest. In such cases, they are unable to breathe on their own, which can lead to a critical lack of oxygen in the body, resulting in severe complications or even death if not addressed promptly. By administering rescue breathing, the lifeguard or responder provides the necessary ventilation to deliver oxygen into the person's lungs until normal breathing is restored or emergency medical assistance arrives.

The other scenarios presented do not warrant rescue breathing. When a person is responsive but collapsing, it typically indicates a need for immediate assistance, but they may still be breathing, so other forms of aid would be prioritized. For a swimmer with a minor injury, rescue breathing would not be appropriate unless there is a significant concern about their breathing status. Lastly, when someone is struggling to swim, they may not be unresponsive or not breathing; instead, immediate assistance, such as reaching or throwing aids, is more appropriate before considering rescue breathing.